[1그룹 1세부/김상재] Intrinsic piezo-tribo hybrid nanogenerator based advanced electronic skin for prosthetic arm

The integration of electronic skin (E-Skin) with prosthetic arm can potentially revolutionize prosthetics with the added functionality of sensory information and feedback. Design and realization of E-Skin using piezo-tribo intrinsic hybrid nanogenerators (i-HNGs) helps achieve high-resolution tactile and pressure identification. A higher longitudinal piezoelectric coefficient (d33) value of 391 pC/N and maximized ferroelectric properties has been achieved for the 0.3Ba0.7Ca0.3TiO3-0.7BaSn0.12Ti0.88O3-0.01Cu2O (BCST-0.01Cu2O) pellet when elevated at 1450 °C for 9 h. A flexible, high-performance multifunctional composite film (MCF) was designed using BCST-0.01Cu2O filler and a polymer through a cost-effective spin-coating process. Furthermore, the MCF-based i-HNG generates a maximized output of 177.8 V, 1.09 μA, and 238.89 mW/m2 at 80 MΩ compared to the individual TENG and PENG. The machine learning-assisted E-Skin for the prosthetic arm was developed with the same i-HNG structure, featuring a 4 × 4 matrix of electrodes that provide precise detection of tactile location, type of tactile action, and pressure level with an impeccable accuracy of 100 %.